Genetic basis of plant breeding

Heritability and genetic advance genotypeenvironment interaction. Plant architecture is a key factor affecting planting density and grain yield in maize Zea mays.

When this was first proposed assumptions such as.

Genetic basis of plant breeding. GENETIC BASIS OF PLANT BREEDING PBS 504 COORDINATED BY DR. ALAKE LECTURE 1 - Variation. Sources of Variation - Mutation.

Types of Mutation - Inheritance - Linkage - Qualitative Inheritance - Heterosis - Genetic interpretation of heterosis LECTURE 2 - Breeding Methods - Kinds of Cultivars Clone Line Open Pollinated variety. Plant breeding is a science because the development of superior genotypes involves various genetic principles. It deals with improvement in the economic traits of various crop plants.

Plant breeding can be accomplished through many different techniques ranging from simply selecting plants with desirable characters for propagation to more complex molecular techniques. Advantages of Genetic Base. In plant breeding populations genetic base has several advantages.

It provides protection from. I Biotic stresses ii Abiotic stresses iii Wide adaptation iv Yield stability and v High heterosis. These are briefly discussed below.

I Protection from Biotic Stresses. Despite advances in technologies plant breeding is still based on Mendels original concept of inheritance which is extended to encompass the inheritance of quantitative and other complex traits. Plant breeding involves the systematic production of crop populations exhibiting genetic segregation and selection within that population to.

Breeding approaches for biotic disease and insect and abiotic heat frost flood drought acid and salt stress. Intellectual property rights IPR. Plant variety protection and farmers rights act PPVFR act.

UNIT II Breeding of field crops and plant genetic resources. Show full abstract physiological and biochemical changes in plants which affect plant growth and development and such changes may lead to a drastic reduction in yield. Maize growth and.

The goals of quantitative genetics differ according to its field of application. In plant breeding the main focus of quantitative genetics is on identifying candidates with the best genotypic. Principles of Plant Breeding.

24 February - 2 March. 3 March - 9 March. 10 March - 16 March.

17 March - 23 March. 24 March - 30 March. 31 March - 6 April.

7 April - 13 April. 14 April - 20 April. 21 April - 27 April.

28 April - 4 May. Genetic basis of heterosis. In plant breeding heritability is often calculated i as a measure of precision of trials andor ii to compute the response to selection.

It is usually estimated on an entry-mean basis since the phenotype is usually an aggregated value as genotypes are replicated in trials which stands in contrast with animal breeding and human genetics. When this was first proposed assumptions such as. Plant breeding can be defined as an art a science and technology of improving the genetic make up of plants in relation to their economic use for the man kind.

Or Plant breeding is the art and science of improving the heredity of plants for the benefit of mankind. Or Plant breeding deals with the genetic improvement of crop plants also known as. Broadening the genetic base of crops.

Crop improvement through plant breeding like crop evolution in general occurs through selection operating on genetic variability. Selection by plant breeders or by farmers can be intense and has resulted in major crop improvements. However continued success in plant breeding can only be.

Modern plant breeding is applied genetics but its scientific basis Mendels work ultimately led to the new science of genetics. Modern plant breeding is applied genetics but its scientific basis is broader covering molecular biology cytology systematics physiology pathology entomology chemistry and statistics biometrics. It has also developed its own technology.

Plant breeding efforts are. The most primitive form of plant breeding was the selection of naturally occurring variants in the wild and later in cultivated fields. Genetic variation was continuously submitted to the selection pressure of food gathering or plantingharvesting cycles.

Plant architecture is a key factor affecting planting density and grain yield in maize Zea mays. However the genetic mechanisms underlying plant architecture in diverse genetic backgrounds have not been fully addressed. Here we performed a large-scale phenotyping of 10 plant architecture-related traits and dissected the genetic loci controlling these traits in 10 recombinant inbred line populations derived.

It requires genetic uniformity. Vast areas are typically planted to a single high-yielding variety or a handful of genetically similar cultivars using capital intensive inputs like irrigation fertilizer and pesticides to maximize production. Genetic basis of breeding self- and cross - pollinated crops including mating systems and response to selection - nature of variability components of variation.

Heritability and genetic advance genotypeenvironment interaction. General and specific combining. Genetic variation is needed to address many problems in plant breeding and it obtained from the biodiversity within the plant genetic resources such as Breeding lines Landraces Primitive Forms.