Crop water requirement for different crops in india

1 Crop factors a Variety b Growth stages c Duration d Plant population e Crop growing season 2 Soil factors a Structure b. This water is extracted from the soil root zone by the root system which represents transpiration and is no longer available as stored water.

The crop water requirements for major crops are discussed as follows.

Crop water requirement for different crops in india. In addition to the water requirements during the crop period rice requires 300 to 500 mm of water per hectare for growing seedlings in nursery. The puddling and transplanting operations require nearly another 200 to 300 mm of water per hectare. The seasonal crop water requirement ETc estimates showed that among summer crops groundnut has higher ETc 8490 mm value than pearlmillet 4992 mm and green gram.

Highest crop water requirement with 18492 m3ha and tobacco crop have minimum water requirement in Western region of Uttar Pradesh with 2278 m3ha. In Uttar Pradesh crops also grown in zaid season and the crops are rice maize moong urd and sunflower. Among these crops area share of rice and sunflower was very small as.

Water Requirements and Irrigation 115 WR A x B x C x D x E Where. WR Water requirement l p d plant A Open Pan evaporation mmday B Pan factor 07. This may differ area wise 2C Spacing of plant m D Crop factor factor depends on plant growth-for fully grown plants 1 E Wetted Area 03 for widely spaced crops.

In descending order the water requirement values for the each crop were wheat 31680 mm mustard 24381 mm rice 22812 mm pea 18226 mm potato 14693 mm groundnut 2487 mm. Sugarcane has the highest water requirement 1356 lpd in Narsinghpur during mid season. In all kharif crops cotton has highest water requirement 653 lpd in Harda followed by sesame and groundnut ie.

275 lpd and 246 lpd respectively in Datia. Estimation Water Requirements CWR for Major Crops Water requirement for majors crops grown in ten different agro-climatic zones of Odisha were estimated by taking reference evapotranspiration of respective localities and crop coefficient of the respective crops. The crop water requirements for major crops are discussed as follows.

Generalized data on rooting depth of full grown crops fraction of available soil water p and readily available soil water pSa for different soil types in mmm soil depth when ETcrop is 5 - 6 mmday 88 Average intake rates of water in mmhr for different soils and corresponding stream size 1secha 91. The crop water requirement varies from place to place from crop to crop and depends on agro-ecological variation and crop characters. The following features which mainly influence the crop water requirement are.

1 Crop factors a Variety b Growth stages c Duration d Plant population e Crop growing season 2 Soil factors a Structure b. The highest crop water needs are thus found in areas which are hot dry windy and sunny. The lowest values are found when it is cool humid and cloudy with little or no wind.

From the above it is clear that one crop grown in different climatic zones will have different water needs. For example a certain maize variety grown in a cool climate will need less water per day than the same maize variety grown. 102 Sugarcane in India 125 103 Water use in sugarcane 129 104 Conclusions 137 11.

Cotton 140 111 Introduction 141 112 Cotton in India 141 113. Water use in cotton 144 114 Conclusions 149 V. Potato 150 121 Potato in the world 151 122 Potato in India 151 123 Water use in potato 156 124 Conclusions 161 13.

It is then necessary to obtain a crop coefficient k c to estimate ET crop crop water requirement or WR. ET c ET o x k c. Actual crop water requirements in addition to climate include the effect of crop characteristics and other crop production practices.

Crop coefficient k c is used to account or all these variations. Estimation of crop water requirements based on climatic parameters. Empirical equations are used for estimating crop water requirements.

And sugarcane constitute about 90 of Indias crop production and these are the most water consuming crops. Rice which is an important export crop consumes as much as 3500 liters of water for a kilogram of grain produced. Water availability in different regions of India.

Water-melon and musk-melon need water at intervals of 8-10 days. Other crop of cucurbitaceae family needs irrigation at intervals of 10-12 days during summer. Important crops are turmeric ginger chillis ajwan cumin and coriander.

Total water requirement 200-450 mm Mostly the pulse are grown under rainfed condition. Some pulse crops like Redgram Blackgram Greengram are grown in summer season as irrigated crop which need 3 to 4 irrigation at critical stags like germination flowering and pod formation. Water requirement of crops.

Rainfall and irrigation requirement SNo. Rainfall cm Irrigation requirement 1 100 Rainfall needs to be supplemented by irrigati on. 2 100-50 Rainfall is helpful to crops but is insuff icient.

Irrigation is essential 3 50-25 Only crops tolerant to moisture stress can be grown. It includes evaporation and other unavoidable wastes. Usually water requirement for crop is expressed in water depth per unit area.

IRRIGATION WATER NEED Crop water need available rain fall. The first thing you need to consider when planning your. Periodically check soil water at different depths within the root zone and at different growth stages to avoid stressing the crop during critical growth stages.

Crop water use also known as evapotranspiration ET is the water used by a crop for growth and cooling purposes. This water is extracted from the soil root zone by the root system which represents transpiration and is no longer available as stored water. The depth of water required every time generally varies from 5 to 10 cm depending upon the type of the crop.

If this depth of water is required five times during the base period then the total water required by the crop for its full growth will be 5 multiplied by each time depth.