Characteristics of industrial microorganisms

Microorganisms are beneficial in producing oxygen decomposing organic material providing nutrients for plants and maintaining human health but some can be pathogenic and cause diseases in plants and humans. But most common sources of.

To be used in industry microorganism must have following properties.

Characteristics of industrial microorganisms. 3 industrial microorganisms Microorganisms are used extensively to provide a vast range of products and services Table 13. They have proved to be particularly useful because of the ease of their mass cultivation speed. Industrial microorganisms are used to produce many things including food cosmetics pharmaceuticals and construction materials.

Microorganisms can be genetically modified or engineered to aid in large-scale production. A type of sugar-composed polymer secreted by a microorganism into the external environment. The microorganisms of industrial importance include bacteria yeasts moulds actinomycetes algae and viruses in some cases.

The isolation of industrially-important microorganisms including bacteria and fungi from their natural habitats is usually the first step in producing or developing producer strains of microbes for industrial fermentation processes. Bacteria are prokaryotic unicellular organisms. They lack organized nucleus but possess a rigid cell wall comparable to that found in plants.

The average size of a bacterium is around 2 µm. The bacteria may be spherical rod-like spirally coiled or filament like. In the industrial processes the selected micro-organisms are grown using specifically designed culture media under very carefully controlled conditions such as temperature aeration etc.

Criteria to select an industrially important microorganism. The nutritional characteristics of the organism-It is frequently required that a process be carried out using a very cheap medium or a pre-determined one eg. The use of methanol as an energy source.

To be used in industry microorganism must have following properties. Grow in simple media. Preferably not require growth factors Grow vigorously and rapidly Produce the desired product in short time possible.

Furthermore the dominant microorganisms for ISSP spoilage were determined by evaluating their characteristics such as ammonia-producing gas-producing pectinase-producing cellulose -producing slime-producing and film formation capacities. 23 CHARACTERISTICS OF INDUSTRIAL MICRORGANISM Irrespective of the origins of an industrial microorganism it should ideally exhibit. 2 efficient production of the target product whose route of biosynthesis should preferably be well characterized.

3 limited or no need for vitamins and additional growth factors. Briefly it is that micro-organisms in the fermentation industry give promise of being an economic source for food nutritional supplements pharmaceutical products and organic acids that are greatly needed or are lacking in adequate amounts for a large sector of the worlds population. Bacteria industrial use of micro-organisms molds yeasts bacteria mesophilic microaerobic molds morphological characteristics of molds yeasts bacteria physiological characteristics of molds yeasts bacteria psychrophilic spore thermophilic yeasts yeasts of industrial importance.

Metallotolearnt microorganisms are the microorganisms that are capable of tolerating and detoxifying high levels of dissolved heavy metals. Microorganisms utilize metals as structural components of biomolecules as cofactors in reversible oxidationreduction reactions and in electron transfer chains during energy conservation. The microorganisms of industrial importance are generally bacteria actinomycetes fungi and algae.

These organisms occur virtually everywhere eg in air water soil surfaces of plants and animals and plant and animals tissues. But most common sources of. Production of useful chemicals by industrial microorganisms has been attracting more and more attention.

Microorganisms screened from their natural environment usually suffer from low productivity low stress resistance and accumulation of by-products. Microorganisms were identified at the species level by integrating culture-dependent and culture-independent procedures ie. Typing by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA RAPD-PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing of isolates and PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis PCR-DGGE on nucleic acids extracted from the product.

Each type has a unique characteristic cellular composition morphology mean of movement and reproduction. Microorganisms are beneficial in producing oxygen decomposing organic material providing nutrients for plants and maintaining human health but some can be pathogenic and cause diseases in plants and humans.